Multiple Disabilities: Supporting Students with Complex Needs

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Source: https://aphconnectcenter.org/familyconnect/complex-needs/multiple-disabilities/

Definition

According to IDEA, Multiple Disabilities means a combination of two or more disabilities that cause severe educational challenges. These disabilities together make it hard for the student to learn and cannot be addressed by a program designed for just one disability. This may include combinations such as intellectual disability with physical impairment, or visual and speech impairments. It does not include deaf-blindness (which is a separate category).

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Characteristics

Students with multiple disabilities may:

• Have challenges in both learning and movement

• Need help with communication (may use devices or gestures)

• Have medical needs or require physical assistance

• Learn more slowly than peers and need lots of repetition

• Struggle with daily routines and need step-by-step support

• Benefit from consistency, visuals, and hands-on activities

• Each student is unique, their needs depend on their specific combination of disabilities.

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Accommodations & Modifications

To support students with multiple disabilities, educators can:

• Create a highly structured and supportive classroom environment

• Use assistive technology (e.g., communication boards, switches)

• Provide physical support or adaptive equipment as needed

• Break down tasks into small, manageable steps

• Offer choices to promote independence

• Work closely with a team (special ed teachers, therapists, nurses, families)

• Use visual cues, routines, and hands-on learning

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Resources

1. 🧤 Center for Parent Information and Resources (CPIR) – Multiple Disabilities

Defines multiple disabilities under IDEA and offers helpful tips, legal information, and family-friendly guidance.

2. 🧤 National Center on Accessible Educational Materials (AEM)

Provides tools and strategies for creating accessible materials for students with complex needs.

3. 📽 Video: “Supporting Students with Severe/Multiple Disabilities”

A focused, classroom-based video showing real strategies and student vignettes for supporting learners with complex disability profiles.

4. 📖 Book: Educating Children with Multiple Disabilities: A Transdisciplinary Approach by Fred P. Orelove & Diane R. Sobsey

This practical guide provides comprehensive strategies for teaching and caring for children with multiple disabilities using a team-based, inclusive approach.

5. 🧤 TIES Center – Inclusive Education for Students with Significant Disabilities

Focused on inclusive education for students with complex learning needs. Offers free toolkits, lesson ideas, and support strategies.